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501. August 14, 1850 is a red letter day in British Library development because:  Public

         Libraries bill receiving Royal assent

502. The biggest library in the world is:  LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

503. The first library association formed in India is:  The bengal library association

504. The author of Manual of Library Economy is:   J.D. Brown

505. Library literature is a tertiary source of information

505. The frequency of Data India is Weekly by Press Institute of India Founded in 1963,

506.  The National Knowledge Resource Consortium (NKRC), established in year 2009, is a

         network of libraries and information centres of 39 CSIR and 24 DST institutes. NKRC's

         origin goes back to the year 2001, when the CSIR set up the Electronic Journals

         Consortium to provide access to 1200 odd journals of Elsevier Science to all its users.

         Developed by NISCAIR, New delhi. Access of Science Direct(Elseiver

         Subject  collections wise) has been activated for all member institutions from 1st

         January, 2012.

507. Current awareness bulletin is information products

508. In 1966 , the MARC as a pilot project was launched  library of congress, 260 tag is MARC

        Format marks the Publication Information.

509. SAARC documentation centre was established in 1985

510. A questonnaire designed with open-ended questions is known as flexible. The Answers may

         be filled in by the respondent

511. Non-sampling errors(nse) are referred to as the errors measurement  

512. Delhi public library was established in 1951

512. The libraries identified by inflibnet to act as document delivery centres are

         1.University of Hyderabad Library & 2. Lucknow University Library

513. Which of the following are trade bibliographies?  author profile & user profile

514. Which of the following are trade bibliographies? authority, leadership, accountability

515. Dr. Ranganathan's canons of classification as grouped into three planes of work are number,

        common isolate and connecting symbol

516. CLASS library circulation control

517. Checkmate is serial control.

518. D.B. Krishna rao. delhi university in 1957 First PhD in Lib & Inf.Science in India

519. CD stands for "Automatización de Bibliotecasy Centros de Documentación" (Spanish),

        which means: Library and Documentation Centers Automation. Its development is

         promoted and coordinated by BIREME, with the support of VLI

520. DEL-PLUS: This software was designed and developed by Developing Library Network

        (DELNET)

521. e-Granthalaya is a library automation software from National Informatics Centre,

        Department of Information Technology, Ministry of Communications and Information

        Technology.

522. Evergreen: Evergreen is an open source library management software, freely licensed

        under the GNU GPL. It was first launched in September, 2006 in Georgia's PINES

         consortium.

523. FireFly: FireFly  is a Complete Public Library system. It is being written in Python, Perl,

        with all data being stored in XML. The driving force behind this project is to give public

        libraries a Free-Software set to run and maintain library systems. Website:

524. Koha is the world's first open-source Integrated Library System (ILS) and it is distributed

        free of cost (open source, and so no license fee, ever). It was initially developed in New

        Zealand by Katipo Communications Ltd and first deployed in January of 2000 for

         Horowhenua Library Trust.

525. Library Information and Management System (LIMS): LIMS is a unique library

        system, designed, developed, implemented and fully tested by library professionals. It is

        distributed free of cost to the libraries. Website: http://www.paklag.org/limsFreeware.htm

526. LibSys 7: It is a web based library software product from Libsys Ltd., Gurgaon, Haryana

527. NewGenLib: NewGenLib is an integrated library management system developed by Verus

        Solutions Pvt Ltd. Domain expertise is provided by Kesavan Institute of Information and

        Knowledge Management in Hyderabad, India. On 9^th January 2008, NewGenLib was

        declared as Open Source Software under GNU GPL Licence by Verus Solutions.

528. Sanjay: The NISSAT sponsored a project to DESIDOC for developing programmes on

        UNESCO’s CDS/ISIS for enabling a library to do acquisition, circulation, etc. DESIDOC

        has successfully modified the programmes and a new package based on CDS/ISIS was

        released in 1992 by the name of SANJAY. Released in 1995

529. SOUL 2.0: Software for University Libraries (SOUL) is the state-of-the-art library

        automation software designed and developed by the INFLIBNET Centre, Ahmedabad

     

530. VIRTUAILS  :  VTLS, Virginia

SLIM             :  Algorithms, Pune

SOUL            :  INFLIBNET

e-Library       :  Phoebus Info. Tech

New Genlib  :   VERUS SOLUTION.

LIBSYS        :   INFOTECH CONSULTANT, INDIA

ALICE          :   Soft Link

531. WEBLIS is a free-of-charge Web based Library Integrated System based on CDS/ISIS.

         The system has been developed by the Institute for Computer and Information Engineering

         (ICIE), Poland.

532. Berne Convention: The international convention for protection of literary and artistic

        works was first signed at Berne on 9^th September, 1886.

533.  Important act establishment

·                    Communication: Communication Bill, 2000;

·                    Copyright: The Copyright Act of 1957 (last amended in 1994);

·                    Designs: The Design Act 1911;

·                    Information Technology: Information Technology Act 2000;

·                    Patent: The Patent Act 1970 (changes bought in 1994);

·                    Trade Mark: The Trade Merchandise Mark Act 1958, etc.

534. Association for Information Management (ASLIB): An exploratory conference held at Hoddesdon, Hertfordshire in 1924 resulted in a decision to form the Association of special Libraries and Information Bureau (ASLIB). In 1983, name of the Association was changed to “Association for information Management”, but as the association is well know as ASLIB, its acronym retained. (journal of Documentation (quarterly)).

535. Bengal Library Association: Bengal Library Association (Bangiya Granthagar Parishad),  formerly known as All Bengal Library Association, was established in 1925 under the presidentship of Poet Rabindranath Tagore. Kolkata. The first periodical on Library Science in Bengal was published by the Bengal Library Association in 1937 as “Bengal Library Association Bulletin – Bangiya Granthagar Parishad Patrika”.

536. "weblog" was coined by Jorn Barger on 17 December 1997.

537. The short term "blog," was coined by Peter Merholz in 1999. 

        Evan Williams at Pyra Labs used "blog" as both a noun and verb ("to blog," meaning "to

        edit one's weblog or to post to one's weblog")

        

538. A Bulletin Board System, or BBS, is a computer system running software that allows users

         to connect and log in to the system using a terminal program (The largest such network

         was FidoNet).

539. Bulletin Board System. From a technological standpoint, forums or boards are web

        applications managing user-generated content.Early Internet forums could be described as a

        web version of an electronic mailing list or newsgroup (such as exist on Usenet)

540. LIS-Forum is an e-mail based discussion forum for Library and Information professionals

         in India. It is operated and maintained by NCSI, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore.

         It was established in the year 1995 with support from NISSAT, DSIR, Govt. of India.

541. L. R. McColvin: Theory of Book Selection (1925): demanded by the users for their 

        information needs.

542. Ranganathan: Library book selection  Five Laws in 1931

543. Dewey’s Principle: According to Dewey, large number least cost.

544. CIP (Cataloging in Publication) system begin in 1971 by LC(Library of Congress)

545. British Library’s Automated Information Service (BLAISE): 1977 April, Useful in the field

        of Biomedicine

546.  Zero Based Budget: It was developed by Peter Phyor in 1970 to achieve greater effective

         Planning and fiscal control. The term “zero based” is derived from the first step in

         the process- the development of a hierarchy of functions based on the assumption that

         the unit or agency is starting operation for the first time.  The budget is concerned with

         Future use.  It means Budgeting afresh. This budjet is without giving consideration

         To the previous year’s budget.

547. UGC Library Committee way back in 1957 suggested for a provision of Rs. 16 per student

         and  Rs. 200 per   teacher. Kothari Commission in 1966 suggested for allocation of Rs. 25

         per student and Rs. 300 per teacher. Report emphasizes on College and University  Library.

548.  NISSAT (NATIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR SCIENCE AND

         TECHNOLOGY)

         UNESCO DEPUTED PETER LAZER ON 1972 SETUP AND STARTED 1975   

         APPROVED   PALLNING COMMISSION  ESTABLISHED IN 1977

       

        There are 10 sectoral system has been established

1. NICLAI (Leather Technology)  CLRI Chennai
2. NICFOS (Food Technology)  CFTRI Mysore
3. NICMAP (Machine Tools and Products)  Centre machine and tools, Banglore
4. NICDAP (Drug and Pharmaceuticals)  CDRI, Lucknow
5. NICTAS (Textiles and Allied Subjects) ATIRA Ahmedab
6. NICHEM (Chemicals NCL,) Pune
7. NICAS ( Glass and Ceramics) CGRI, Kolkatta
8. NICRYS ( Crystallaography, dept crystallographys and Biophysics, University of Madras)
9. NCB  (Bibliometrics) NSICAR, Delhi
10. CDROM national Aero Space (NICDROM) Banglore

549.   1. Agricola  US. : DEPT OF AGRICULTURE

          2. ABI/ Inform   : Data Courier Inc., USA

          3. CA Search     :  AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY

          4. LISA             :   Bowker and Saur, London

          5. Scisearch        :  British Library, U.K.

          6. Books in Print :  R.R. BOWKER  U.S.A

550.  CSIR     : 1942

         ICSSR   :1969

         ICMR    :1969

         ICHR    : 1971

         ICPR     : 1981

551. UNESCO  : 1946

         FAO        : 1945

         ILO          :  1919

        WIPO        :  1970

552.  DELENT      1988

         INFLIBNET 1991

         CALIBNET  1993

         BONET        1992

553. COURTNIC 1991

        SUPLIS 1992

        MLIBNET 1993

        MYLIBNET 1995

554. UGC 1956

        DRDO 1958

        DST 1971

        ICAR 1936

554. INIS 1970

        AGRIS  1974

        MEDLARS 1964

        INFOTERRA 1972

555. 1^ST GENERATION COMPUTER – DUMP TERMINAL

        2^ND GENERATION COMPUTER – PC WORK STATATION

        3^RD GENERATION COMPUTER – MULTI MEDIA

        4^TH GENERATION COMPUTER – DIALOG WEB

556. INSPEC   - IEE UK

        CAS        -  ACS UK

        AGRIS    -  FAO ROAM

        INIS        -   IAEA – VIENNA

557. SAARC Documentation Centre, established in the year 1994 in India, is one of the

        Regional  Centre of SAARC.  The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

        (SAARC) was established 8 December    1985 by the Heads of State or Government of

        Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal,     Pakistan and SriLanka

558. Ranganathan's canons of classification as grouped into three planes of work are

        IDEA,VERBAL AND NOTATIONAL

559. The National Library of Indian  a critical Study Writen by  D.S.Kesavan

560.  1) Library Committee 1957 Dr. S.R. Ranganath

         2) Review Committee on Library Science 1961 By Dr. S.R. Rangathan

         3) Education Comisision (1964-1966 D.S. Kothari)

         4) Mehotra Committee (1983) R.C Mehrotra

         5) Committee on National Network system of University Liraries (1988) Prof. Yash Pal

         6) Curriculam development committee in LIS (1990)

561.  1) Wheat Loan Educational Exchange programme (1951-61)

         2) Book Banks (1963-64)

         3) Regional Library Centre (1974)

562. First person in India to received Ph.D. Degree in LIS D.K. Krishan Roa 1953, Delhi

        University

563. Data Mining: Data mining means the extraction of hidden predictive information from

        large databases. It is the process of analyzing data from different perspectives and

        summarizing it into useful information - information that can be used to increase revenue,

        cuts costs, or both. It is "the nontrivial extraction of implicit, previously unknown, and

        potentially useful information from data". Technically, data mining is the process of

        finding correlations or patterns among dozens of fields in large relational databases.

        Data Mining is also called as data or knowledge discovery. Data mining software is one of a

        number of analytical tools for analyzing data.

564. DESIDOC started functioning in 1958 as Scientific Information Bureau (SIB).

Defence Science Laboratory (DSL) which is presently called as Laser Science & Technology Centre     (LASTEC). The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) library which had its beginning in 1948 became a division of Scientific Information Bureau (SIB) in 1959.

The Centre was functioning in the main building of Metcalfe House, a landmark in Delhi and a national monument. In August 1988 it moved to its newly built five-storied building in the same Metcalfe House complex. Since it became a self-accounting unit. 

DESIDOC has been functioning as a central information resource for DRDO. It provides science & technology information.

565. Developing Library Network (formerly Delhi Library Network). It is the first operational library network in India. It was started as a project of the India International Centre in January 1988 with the initial, financial and technical assistance by National Information System for Science and Technology (NISSAT), Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Govt. of India. It was registered as a society in June 1992 under the Societies Registration Act of 1860 and is currently being promoted by the National Informatics Centre (NIC), Planning Commission, Govt. of India and India International Centre, New Delhi\

566. CCF An international symposium in Taormina, Sicily conducted by UNESCO was held in

        April,  1978.  First edition of CCF was published in 1984 under the editorship of Peter

        Simmons and Alan.  Hopkins and its second edition was published in 1988 in two volumes

        called CCF/B and  CCF/F.

        DATE Field I) Indicator, II) Sub Fields: III) Field Separator: iv) Record Separator

567. Content Management System (CMS) is a computer application used to create, edit, manage, search and publish various kinds of digital media and electronic text. Drupal, Joomula, (2005) Wikipeidia (2002). Z Object Publishing Environment (Zope)

568. International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD): In 1961, at the International Conference on Cataloguing Principles held in Paris, stress was laid on the need of standardization in bibliographic description. IFLA was formulated and borught out.

569. IFLA conference was held in Grenoble in 1973. After the conference two documents- ISBD

        (M)and ISBD (S) were published. In 1975, the General International Standard

         Bibliographic  Description [ISBD (G)] was developed .

         The ISBD prescribes eight (8) areas of description.

        Standardized punctuation (colons, semicolons, slashes, dashes, commas, and periods) is used 

        to identify and separate the elements and areas. The order of elements and standardized

        punctuation make it easier to interpret bibliographic records when one does not understand the

        language of the description.

1: title and statement of responsibility area, with the contents of

1.1 Title proper

1.2 General material designation. GMDs are generic terms describing the medium of the item.

1.3 Parallel title

1.4 Other title information

1.5 Statements of responsibility (authorship, editorship, etc.)

2: Edition area

3: material or type of resource specific area (for example, the scale of a map or the numbering

    of a periodical)

4: Publication, production, distribution, etc., area

5: Physical description area (for example: number of pages in a book or number of CDs issued

   as a unit)

6: Series area

7: Notes area

8: Resource identifier (e.g. ISBN, ISSN) and terms of availability area

570. The term “Web 2.0” was officially coined in 2004 by Dale Dougherty, a vice-president of  

        O’Reilly  Media Inc. Examples of Web 2.0 include social networking sites, blogs, wikis,

        video sharing sites, hosted services, web applications, mashups and folksonomies. .
       

571. Social Network: A social network or online community is a web based service focuses on

        building online communities of people who share interests and / or activities by a variety of

        ways. Example. YouTube (video) Flickr (photographs) and Odeo (podcasts), Myspace,

        and Facebook.

572. Universal Machine Readable Catalogue (UNIMARC) appeared for monograph and serial in

       1977 to facilitate the international Exchange of bibliographic data in machine readable

       Form. UNIMARC follows the ISO communication format ISO-2709 (1981). By IFLA

573. E- -journal consortia was started in October 1, 2003 UGC (ccess to various e-journals

        formally began on January 1, 2004.) co-operation between UGC, ERNET, the inter

        university  centre, INFLIBNET,

      

Research Methodology

574. Descriptive  Research

-                     Survey and fact finding enquiries

-                     Description of the state of affairs

-                     Ex pot facto research

-                     No control over the variables

-                     Report only what has happened & what is happening. (e.g., frequency of shopping, preference of people)

575. Analytical Research

-                     With facts and information already available

-                     Analyse and make the critical evaluation method.

576. Applied (Action Research)

-                     Finding solution for an immediate problem

-                     Concerned with actual life and social problems

-                     Removes prejudices, preconception and false ideas. (company/Industry/social)

577. Fundamental (Basic Research)

-                     Concerned with generalisation and formation of theory (Human Behaviour)

-                     To discover new but broad principles

578. Quantitative 

-                     Based on measurement of quantity

-                     Determine the relationship between variables

579. Qualitative

-                     Concerned with qualitative phenomena

-                     Aims to discover the motives of human behaviour

580. Conceptual

-                     Related to some abstract idea or theory

-                     To develop new concepts or to reinterpret existing ones

581. Empirical (experimental research)

-                     Relies on experience or observation alone

-                     Is a data-based research

-                     To test hypothesis of casual relationship between variables

582. Historical Research

            -          Aims to apply reflective thinking to unsolved problems

-                     Source like, documents, remains etc.

-                     Based on past events/ideas facts and attitudes

-                     Social insight and historical orientation is necessary

-                     Conclusion and decision oriented

583. State of the Art study is the highest level of development, as of a device, technique,

         or scientific field, achieved at a particular time

584. PILOT STUDY Consumer-research study done on a trial basis to determine the potential

         of a larger and more in-depth survey of the same subject matter; also called pilot survey.

         A  pilot   study is used in segmentation product usage, and attitudinal, motivational.

585. Research Design  Blue Print, concept Structure, measurement and analysis of data.

        To help Smooth sailing, Advance planning, Avoid flaws and inadequacies

586. Hypothesis An assumption or supposition to be proved, A predictive statement, To be tested

587. Two types of HYPOTHEISIS  NULL Hypothesis and Alternative Hypothesis

588. z- Test : is based on the normal probability distribution and is used to judging the

        significance of several statistical measures, particular mean comparing from large

        population.

589. t- test or binomial distribution, is applicable on the presumption that such a distribution

        tends to approximate normal distribution n become larger. ( Judging significant different)

        It is applied when the sample series is Small number. 

590.   Measures of Central tendency – Mean, Median and Mode

Measure of dispersion – range, mean deviation and standard deviation

Measure of asymmetry – skewness and kurtosis

Measures of relationship – correlation and regression

600. Chi –Square Test

1.  X2 pronounced as Ki – square

2.  As a non parametric test (can used two classifications and independents)

3.  Test applicable in large number of population

4.  It’s used to compare observed data with data we would expect to obtain according to

            a specific hypothesis

 

     I) Test the goodness of fit

    II) Test the significance of association between two attributes

    III) Test the homogeneity  (or) the significance of population variance.

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